ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT PROFILE

PROTECTION STATUS: Not listed

LISTING HISTORY: First proposed for listing by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service in 1993; proposal withdrawn in 1997, litigated and remanded; new withdrawal in 2001; listing re-proposed in 2005; new proposal withdrawn in 2006

RANGE: Endemic to the Sonoran Desert in southern California (San Diego, Riverside, and Imperial counties), Arizona (Yuma County), and northwestern Mexico (Sonora and Baja)

THREATS: Urban and agricultural development, off-road vehicle activity, energy development, military activities, introduction of nonnative plants, pesticide use, and habitat degradation due to Border Patrol and illegal drive-through traffic along the United States-Mexico border

POPULATION TREND: The species is considered to be in moderate decline.