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The beautiful oceanic Hawaiian damselfly is one of 23 damselfly species on the Hawaiian Islands, endemic to the island of Oahu. Damselflies begin life as an egg, soon hatching into a predacious naiad that stalks streambanks for other aquatic invertebrates or swims after small fish, and then molts into the mature form. In this last embodiment, the falcon-like damselfly swoops down on other flying insects such as midges. When the damselfly itself is disturbed, it takes refuge in the forest canopy overhanging the stream; when seized, it plays dead.
ENDANGERED SPECIES ACT PROFILE
PROTECTION STATUS: Not listed; candidate species
YEAR PLACED ON LIST: Candidate 1984
PETITIONED: 2004
RANGE: Windward side of the Koolau Mountains on the island of Oahu, Hawaii; extirpated from the Waianae mountain range
THREATS: Severe alteration and degradation of streams and marsh habitat on Oahu by agricultural water diversions and urban development, introduction of nonnative insects and fish that prey on damselflies, alteration of habitat by invasive plants
POPULATION TREND: The damselfly is historically known from at least 16 localities on Oahu, but by 2001 there were just seven oceanic Hawaiian damselfly populations remaining and a total population of fewer than 1,000 damselflies.
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SAVING THE OCEANIC HAWAIIAN DAMSELFLY
The oceanic Hawaiian damselfly is one of many Hawaiian animals suffering from lengthy bureaucratic listing delays. It was placed on the federal candidate list for Endangered Species Act protection in 1984. A quarter-century later, it’s still on the list, still unprotected, and sliding toward extinction.
The Center is working to secure full Endangered Species Act protection for the damselfly. In 2004 we petitioned for protection for the damselfly and other candidate species under the Endangered Species Act; in 2006 we filed a lawsuit against the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service to force an endangered species listing for the damselfly and hundreds of other species languishing on the candidate list.
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Contact: Jeff Miller
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